China

• Vaccination is not recommended or required
• Proof of vaccination is required if you are coming from or have transited through an airport of a country where yellow fever occurs in the past six days prior to arrival to China.

Hepatitis A virus can cause liver disease, and in rare cases, liver failure and death.

• Can be spread by fecal-oral transmission, consuming contaminated food or water, or close, personal contact with an infected person.
• Symptoms may range from mild to severe, including fatigue, jaundice, abdominal discomfort, vomiting, and joint pain.

Hepatitis B is a viral infection that targets the liver and causes chronic infection and liver cancer.

• Its primary mode of transmission is through direct blood-to-blood contact with an infected person. It can also be transmitted through unprotected sex or sharing needles.
• Symptoms may range from mild to severe, including fatigue, jaundice, and abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting and joint pain.

Measles is a highly contagious respiratory disease. Anyone who is not protected against measles is at risk of being infected with it when traveling internationally. Globally, we are starting to see an increase in measles infection.

• Spreads through respiratory droplets and direct contact with infected individuals.
• Symptoms initially resemble a common cold, followed by a characteristic rash, fever, cough, runny nose, small, white spots inside the mouth and throat, red eyes, sleepiness, and irritability.

Rabies is a devastating viral infection transmitted through animal bites.

• Symptoms may initially include fever, headache, and discomfort at the bite site, progressing to more severe neurological symptoms. Rabies is fatal if it is not treated before symptoms develop.
• Rabies treatment may be limited or may not be available, therefore you may need to return to Canada for treatment.

Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection caused by salmonella from improperly prepared food or contaminated water.

• Vaccine may be recommended if visiting regions with risk of typhoid or traveling to rural or remote areas for extended periods of time.
• Typhoid vaccine is available in both injectable and oral forms and provides protection against typhoid fever.
• Symptoms of typhoid fever include a high fever, headache, weakness, fatigue, stomach pain, constipation or diarrhea, loss of appetite, and a rose-colored rash on the chest and abdomen.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a viral infection spread through the bite of an infected mosquito which can lead to brain infection and paralysis.

• Visitors to areas experiencing a JE outbreak should also consider vaccination.
• Risk increases for individuals engaging in activities involving high contact with mosquitoes.

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infection transmitted through the bite of infected ticks that can affect the brain and spinal cord.

• Risk of TBE increases for individuals spending time in forested or grassy areas where ticks are commonly found.
• Preventative measures include using insect repellent, wearing protective clothing, and checking for ticks after outdoor activities.