Argentina

Hepatitis A virus can cause liver disease, and in rare cases, liver failure and death.

• Can be spread by fecal-oral transmission, consuming contaminated food or water, or close, personal contact with an infected person.
• Symptoms may range from mild to severe, including fatigue, jaundice, abdominal discomfort, vomiting, and joint pain.
• There is high risk of contracting Hepatitis A in Argentina and is presumed to have widespread distribution; it is recommended for all travelers

Hepatitis B is a viral infection that targets the liver and causes chronic infection and liver cancer.

• Its primary mode of transmission is through direct blood-to-blood contact with an infected person. It can also be transmitted through unprotected sex or sharing needles.
• Hep-B vaccination is recommended more for long-term travelers, those planning to work in healthcare settings, those with possible contact with contaminated needles, or those who may have intimate contact with locals.
• Symptoms may range from mild to severe, including fatigue, jaundice, and abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting and joint pain.

Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection caused by salmonella from improperly prepared food or contaminated water.

• It is cause by the Salmonella bacteria 
• Symptoms include high fever, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal issues
• Typhoid can lead to severe complications if not treated promptly.
• Typhoid vaccination is recommended for most travelers, particularly those who try adventurous foods, lack reliable access to safe food and water, stay for extended periods (over a month), or venture beyond typical tourist routes and structured itineraries—especially in rural regions—are at higher risk.

Rabies is a devastating viral infection transmitted through animal bites.

• Symptoms may initially include fever, headache, and discomfort at the bite site, progressing to more severe neurological symptoms. Rabies is fatal if it is not treated before symptoms develop.
• The best way for travellers to avoid rabies is to avoid contact with animals/wildlife
• Travellers should seek immediate medical care if bitten or scratched by a wild animal
• It is essential to receive appropriate medical treatment called post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). The treatment is highly effective if given as soon as possible.

Measles is a highly contagious respiratory disease. Anyone who is not protected against measles is at risk of being infected with it when traveling internationally.

• Spreads through respiratory droplets and direct contact with infected individuals.
• Symptoms initially resemble a common cold, followed by a characteristic rash, fever, cough, runny nose, small, white spots inside the mouth and throat, red eyes, sleepiness, and irritability.

• Mild cases: Fever, headache, muscle and joint aches, fatigue, loss of appetite, nausea, and vomiting.
• Severe cases: High fever, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), bleeding, organ failure and, in some cases, death.
• Argentina recommends vaccination for travelers aged ≥ 9 months throughout the provinces of Misiones and Corrientes. Vaccination is also recommended for travelers visiting Iguazú Falls.